6 mysteries that make modern science "powerless", humanity struggles to find answers

Although modern science has made great strides, the world still has incomprehensible phenomena that make researchers "tie their hands". From the ruins of an unknown civilization, to mechanical devices far beyond the level of the times, here are 6 big mysteries that science has not been able to fully explain until now.

1. Was Antarctica once a tropical rainforest?

Today, Antarctica is a cold land covered with ice all year round. However, scientists have discovered traces of an ecosystem that once existed here, with fossils of plants and microorganisms characterizing humid tropical environments.

This discovery has many people asking the question: Was Antarctica once a lush green forest? If true, it shows that climate change in Earth's history has been extremely intense and complex. However, science has not yet been able to fully explain why and how a once warm region became the coldest place on the planet.

2. The Lost City in the Kalahari Desert

At the end of the 19th century, Canadian explorer William Leonard Hunt claimed to have found the ruins of an ancient city located in the middle of the Kalahari Desert (Botswana). He described this as an area with strange architecture, bearing traces of a civilization that once flourished.

However, subsequent expeditions were unable to locate the city that Hunt mentioned. There are no specific artifacts, maps, or records to support this discovery. Some believe that this is just a misunderstanding or exaggeration, while others believe that the mysterious city really exists and is still hiding beneath the sands of the Kalahari.

3. Strange carved stone slabs in Sinaloa

On the coast of the state of Sinaloa (Mexico), a series of volcanic rocks were discovered carved with mysterious shapes: humans, animals, abstract symbols. The age of these rocks is determined to be around 1000–300 BC.

What has caused archaeologists a headache is that no one has yet determined exactly who created them, nor the purpose of these symbols. There is a theory that this is an ancient language system that has not been deciphered, or is religious, but all opinions are not clearly grounded.

4. Giant footprints at Ain Dara Temple

At the ancient temple of Ain Dara in Syria, archaeologists discovered three giant footprints carved into the entrance. Each mark is nearly 1.2 meters long—three times larger than a normal human foot. The location of the footprints is arranged as if a giant has walked through the threshold of the temple.

No one knows the true purpose of these footprints. There is a hypothesis that it is a religious symbol, showing the presence of gods. There are also those who believe that this is the remains of an unknown creature. However, to date, there is no evidence conclusive enough to draw a final conclusion.

5. The Mystery of the Antikythera Machine

Discovered in 1901 from the wreck of a shipwreck off the Greek island of Antikythera, this strange mechanical device shocked the scientific world. With its intricate gear system, the machine could predict the movements of the planets and eclipses—similar to an ancient astronomical computer.

Amazingly, the device dates back to around 100 BC, while such sophisticated gear-making technology did not reappear until thousands of years later. Although researchers have partly deciphered how it works, they have not yet been able to fully understand how the ancient Greeks were able to build such a timeless device.

6. Round Stone Balls in Costa Rica

In many locations in Costa Rica, hundreds of stone spheres of near-perfect shape have been found. Some of the spheres are more than 2 meters in diameter and weigh tons. Curiously, they were made from stones that were not available in the discovery area, suggesting that ancient people had to transport and craft them from elsewhere.

Archaeologists suggest that these spheres may be related to beliefs, mark territories or serve astronomical purposes. However, there are no ancient records or documents that help to clearly define their true role. Most of the spheres were created between 600 and 1000 AD, but the culture that created them is still unknown.

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